Berg W, 2010. Synonymy Porto Alegre, Brasil: EDIPUCRS. San Antonio River Authority, 68 pp. For instance, Teleogramma , Gobiocichla , Teleocichla and Retroculus inhabit flowing waters and have elongate, tubular bodies, small, deeply imbedded scales and enlarged and thickened pelvic fins. They have been observed to spawn there in salinities as high as 8 psu (OT Lorenz, Georgia Southwestern State University, USA, personal communication, 2015). Hubbs C, Lucier T, Garrett GP, Edwards RJ, Dean SM, Marsh E, Belk D, 1978. Images of H. cyanoguttatus may be viewed at Hendrickson and Cohen (2012), Froese and Pauly (2015). Breeding season Rio Grande leopard frogs can reproduce all year round, but most often reproduce in the spring and fall. Darnell RM, 1962. The name 'red Texas cichlid' is chiefly used to describe a hybrid between H. cyanoguttatus and another cichlid species (Berg, 2010). Breeding habits of Herichthys cyanoguttatus Baird and Girard. H. cyanoguttatus is a moderately large cichlid that grows to a maximum size of approximately 30 cm total length (TL) (Page and Burr, 1991), though is commonly much smaller, approximately 11 cm TL, in natural populations (Froese and Pauly, 2015). The name 'green Texas cichlid' often refers to H. carpintis; a species that is native to Mexico (Berg, 2010). Field observations of parental behavior of the Texas cichlid Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum. Tomelleri JR; Eberle ME, 1990. H. cyanoguttatus is captured by recreational anglers and the species is considered very palatable (Mardon, 2012; Texas Parks and Wildlife, 2015). Herichthys cyanoguttatus Texas Cichlid. They willingly take nymphs and wet flies. These fish may grow to exceed 10 inches in length. Texas Parks and Wildlife state government departmental website. Cichlids are primarily freshwater fishes and are found in tropical America, mainland Africa and Madagascar, and southern Asia. In: Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes [ed. H. cyanoguttatus is a biparental substrate spawner/brooder with preferred spawning sites usually solid substrates (rocks) in shallow water (Itzkowitz and Nyby, 1982). 432 pp. The most common form is ovate and somewhat laterally compressed, but some species are strongly compressed or cylindrical and elongated. The sides of the fish are frequently patterned in shades of green, red, brown, and blue. These fish are abundant in southern Texas and northern Mexico where they are called Rio Grande perch or Texas cichlid. Ecological Threat: Blue Tilapia have been found to negatively impact fish populations and degrade habitat. A Phylogeny and classification of the South American Cichlidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Mills and Vevers (1989) report a diet of worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter. This current revision, which includes H. cyanoguttatus, is considered monophyletic (Hulsey et al., 2004). Salgado-Maldonado et al. Page L M, Burr B M, 1991. Porto Alegre, Brasil: EDIPUCRS. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 18(1):115-127. © Copyright 2021 CAB International. by Lee DS]. H. cyanoguttatus is a popular ornamental species with nonindigenous populations occurring in a number of US states yet, with the exception of the work undertaken by Lorenz (2008), little research has been conducted on potential ecological impacts of introduced populations. Kullander SO, 1983. Garman S, 1881. Lorenz OT, 2008. Baird SF; Girard CF, 1854. The Rio Grande Cichlid, sometimes called the Texas Cichlid, is the only member of the Cichlid family native to Texas, and the United States. Buchanan (1971) reported that fish from indigenous populations in the Rio Grande valley (south Texas) were omnivorous, whereas introduced populations from the San Marcos River (Edwards Plateau, central Texas) were almost exclusively herbivorous. Hubbs C, 1951. Its main body color can be pale light brown to dark blue or almost purple and changes with its mood or during mating season. Journal of Ethology, 29(1):39-46. The specific impact mechanisms need to be more closely examined through controlled experimentation to establish causal relationships between the occurrence/abundance of H. cyanoguttatus and impacts upon native species and ecosystems. New Jersey, USA: Tetra Press, 208 pp. H. cyanoguttatus may be distinguished from the closely-related H. carpintis by the larger spots of the background coloration of the latter species (Berg, 2010). In Mexico, H. cyanoguttatus has been introduced to the Rio Verde basin (La Media Luna region) (Kullander, 2003). Within the ornamental fish industry, strains of H. cyanoguttatus are available that include the blue Texas cichlid, green Texas cichlid and red Texas cichlid (Berg, 2010). Temporal diversification of Mesoamerican cichlid fishes across a major biogeographic boundary. Fly fishing for Rio Grande Cichlids AKA Texas Cichlids on the Gila River in Phoenix, Arizona. Louisiana, USA: The Times-Picayune. Fish introductions in the American southwest: a case history of Roger Spring, Nevada. Seriously Fish. Lorenz (2008) reported that salinities up to 16 ppt had no significant effect on the growth of H. cyanoguttatus. The species was reportedly first introduced into Florida from Texas stocks around 1941 by a private individual from Mulberry, Polk County (Courtenay and Hensley, 1979). There is one nostril opening on each side of the head and an interrupted lateral line (Itzkowitz and Nyby, 1982) that is doubled for a short distance on the caudal peduncle (Tomelleri and Eberle, 1990). There are iridescent blue-green spots or wavy lines on head, body and fins. The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. New Orleans, USA: University of New Orleans. There are several black spots at the base of the caudal fin and along the middle, rear half of the body. http://nas.er.usgs.gov/default.aspx. http://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/herichthys-cyanoguttatus/. http://tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/cichlid/. Fishes of Texas Project and Online Database. The reproductive ecology of the Rio Grande cichlid Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum (Baird and Girard), DPhil Thesis, USA: University of Texas, 226. There are 5 or 6 anal fin spines; 15-18 dorsal fin spines; 10-12 dorsal rays and 9-10 anal rays (Hubbs et al., 1991; Page and Burr, 1991). USA: TFH Publications Inc. Courtenay WR Jr; Deacon JE, 1983. http://www.fishbase.org. Mardon S, 2012. by Reis RE, Kullander SO, Ferraris Jr CJ]. Potential ecological impacts upon endemic fish fauna may include resource competition and predation, and predation of aquatic invertebrate communities. USGS nonindigenous aquatic species database. Finally, compared to the closely related monogamous Rio Grande cichlid, H. cyanoguttatus, males of H. minckleyi were present at their nests less often and performed lower rates of aggressive offspring defense, and females compensated for the absence of their mates by performing higher levels of offspring defense. Southwestern Naturalist. Berg, 2010; Seriously Fish, 2015). Martinez et al. Cichlids of North and Central America. Itzkowitz M; Nyby J, 1982. http://www.tfhmagazine.com/freshwater/feature-articles/the-texas-cichlid-herichthys-cyanoguttatus.htm. Cichlidae (Cichlids). Inland Fisheries. Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Nico L; Fuller P; Neilson M, 2015. Rio Grande Cichlid is known for its cream and turquoise spots giving them a speckled look over a very dark to light olive background coloration. A large number are also established in an isolated population in Port Sulphur, Plaquemines Parish, 50 miles southeast of New Orleans (OT Lorenz, Georgia Southwestern State University, USA, personal communication, 2015). Lorenz OT; O'Connell MT, 2011. (USGS nonindigenous aquatic species database)., Florida, USA: US Geological Survey. in Mexico, and Moravec (1998) reported that H. cyanoguttatus was host to many parasitic infestations in the Upper San Marcos River in Texas, USA. 18 ( 1 M )., Florida, USA: University Press of,... Are generally less colourful than males ( Page and Burr, 1991.. Predation, and southern Asia or redear, thats for sure USA and South to Mexico. Also Puerto Rico suggest a mechanism for the continued range expansion of H. cyanoguttatus and environment! Cichlids occurring in northeastern Mexico where they are edible, taste and is. The presence of native Cyprinodon, Session three a lower lethal temperature of 29°C, in ). 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